1H NMR in a quasi-one-dimensional zig-zag spin chain of hambergite, Be2BO3(OH).

One-dimensional spin chains are important testbeds for the investigation of quantum many-body systems. Here, we introduce a new quasi-one-dimensional chain of spin-1/2 1H nuclei in hambergite (Be2BO3(OH)) crystal. The distinctive feature of hambergite is the zig-zag arrangement of the spins in the chains compared to the systems reported earlier. A single crystal of hambergite was investigated experimentally using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance at different orientations in the external magnetic field. The experimental spectra were compared with the Van Vleck's second moments calculated from the structural data. For the orientation of the chain along the external magnetic field the resonance resembles that of the linear spin chains and the calculated contributions to the second moment from spins within one chain of hambergite amount to 96%. For other orientations the spectra demonstrate features specific to the zig-zag chain. Our results show that 1H nuclei in hambergite crystals could serve a good model of a well-isolated zig-zag spin chain.

Piezoelectric Accelerator.

Here we propose the conception of small-size piezoelectric accelerator of charged particles that operates due to the piezoelectric effect at varying mechanical force applied to piezoelectrics in vacuum. The accelerating voltage and the energy of accelerated particles are estimated. In the proof-of-principle experiment we demonstrate the effect of the emission of X-ray radiation at the mechanical compression of piezoelectric ceramics in vacuum. The compression leads to the appearance of charges and potentials on the surfaces of the piezoelectrics and also to the arising of the electric field in vacuum. Electrons are accelerated in the electric field, strike the matter and produce the X-ray radiation. In the experiment, we have observed emission of the characteristic and bremsstrahlung X-ray radiation of energy up to 60 keV due to the compression of piezoelectric ceramics in vacuum. This means that electrons are accelerated in the piezoelectric accelerator up to the energy at least of 60 keV. The agreement of calculated and experimental data confirms the conception. Advantages of the piezoelectric accelerator and possibilities of its development and applications are discussed.

[Sphygmogram analysis based on phase trajectories].

Mattier's differential equation for parametric oscillation is suggested to be used as a method for simulating quasi-periodic processes in human body in terms of oscillation of the pulse wave produced by heart contraction. Obtained sphygmograms agree qualitatively with solutions of the Mattier's and Hill's equations at given shape of the exciting signal. A method of diagnosis based on assessment of the Mattier's equation solution stability from the phase trajectories is suggested.

[Reconstructive-restoration surgeries for nonspeciphic ulcerative colitis and colonic Crohn's disease].

Results of surgical treatment of 88 patients were presented, to whom radical surgery for nonspeciphic ulcerative colitis and Krohn's disease was performed. In 92% of observations the first-stage operation consisted of subtotal colectomy procedure with formation of separate ileostoma and sygmostoma, which was modified in the clinic. The reconstructive-restoration operation was performed in 61 (69.4%) of patients in 12 months after the first operation. The necessity to estimate the degree of the excluded colon readiness for the reconstructive-restoration operation performance was established, the terms of its application as well as the method and character of the operation were substantiated. The postoperative complications rate was (45,5+/-5,3)%. The result of reconstructive-restoration operation was considered good in 12, fair--in 61, unfair--in 15 patients. All the patients are alive.

[Experience of laparoscopic hernioplasty in the treatment of inguinal hernia]. / Opyt laparoskopicheskoi gernioplastiki v lechenii pakhovoi gryzhi.

For 2001-2003 yrs period laparoscopic prosthesis hernioplasty was performed in 127 patients. Oblique reducible inguinoscrotal hernia had constituted the main nosological form of the disease. Peculiarities of preoperative preparation, anesthesiological support, operative procedures, complications postoperative management and medicinal securing of patients, immediate and late follow-up results of their surgical treatment were lighted on. The advantages of laparoscopic prosthesis hernioplasty were proved, such as the recurrence frequency lowering, social-economic efficacy, associated with reduction of the patients stationary stay, their labour rehabilitation and the recurrence absence.

Electrosurface properties of poly(ethylene terephtalate) track membranes.

The electrosurface properties of track membranes made from poly(ethylene terephtalate) were determined by streaming potential (SP) and electron spin resonance (ESR) methods. The membrane pore diameters were in range from 20 to 200 nm. The pore electrical charge surface density values calculated with data obtained with methods mentioned differed dramatically. This difference was explained with the gel layer located at pore surface. The pore possesses a high large surface amassing a large electrical charge arising as a result of carboxylic groups dissociation. This charge cannot be detected with SP method due to high hydraulic resistance of the gel layer. In contrast to SP method, ESR detects all active centres parental of electrical charge at gel surface.

[Proinflammatory cytokines and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in ischemic heart disease]. / Provospalitel'nye tsitokiny i rastvorimaia molekula mezhkletochnoi adgezii-1 pri ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

Blood serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were measured by ELISA in patients with stable and unstable angina. Levels of cytokines and sICAM-1 were elevated in patients with stable and were even higher in patients with unstable angina. Among patients with stable angina those with more severe symptoms had higher serum activity of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Increased expression of sICAM-1 was associated with augmented systemic secretion of cytokines. This association was more pronounced in patients with unstable angina. Patients with stable angina and hyperlipidemia compared with those with normal lipids had higher levels of sICAM-1. Levels of both cytokines were similar in patients with and without hyperlipidemia. However levels of total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol increased while level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased with elevation of TNF-alpha from the lowest to the highest tertile.

[Surgical treatment of combined trans-sphincter and extra-sphincter rectal fistula]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie slozhnogo chressfinkternogo i ékstrasfinkternogo svishcha priamoi kishki.

The results of surgical treatment of 600 patients with rectal fistula were analyzed. Intrasphincter fistula was observed in 204 patients (34%), transsphinctered fistula--in 72 patients (12%), extrasphincter fistula--in 324 patients (54%). In order to decrease the rate of recurrence of fistula, during performance of plastics of internal hole of the fistula the graft of all the wall of rectum (not only its mucosa) was mobilized up to the level of anal sphincter. Post-operative complications and recurrence of fistula occurred in 4% of patients.

[Effects of inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme on endothelial dysfunction in patients with stable angina pectoris]. / Vliianie ingibitorov angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta na endotelial'nuiu disfunktsiiu u bol'nykh stabil'noi stenokardiei.

The article focuses on the antiatherosclerotic and antiischemic potential of inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme and discusses the issue of their administration in those patients with ischemic heart disease presenting with no disorders in the function of the left ventricle. The studies under way, Simvastatin Coronary' Atherosclerosis Trial (SCAT), Prevention of Atherosclerosis Risk and Thrombosis (PART-2) among them, will, we believe, help in answering the question.

Electron spin resonance studies of free radicals in gamma-irradiated soybean paste.

Free radicals in gamma-irradiated soybean paste were investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to determine the effect of temperature (77-296 K) and moisture content (1-54%) of samples irradiated at high dose (1-40 kGy). The samples were kept in liquid nitrogen (77 K) during irradiation and subsequent ESR measurements. The spectra shown at 77 K consisted of the hydrogen atom lines at low and high field and complicated symmetric spectrum. By increasing the microwave power, the line shape of ESR spectra altered, which indicated the detection of different paramagnetic centers at different microwave powers. In saturation curves, it was possible to select four types of spectra components which were different in their relaxation times. By the different irradiation doses, the change in free radical concentration showed a curvilinearly increasing relationship with irradiation dose in wet samples, whereas a proportional relationship was observed with dried samples. This might indicate that the indirect process of free radical formation was involved with the existence of free water radicals in the wet samples.

[Activity of the prostanoids system in inflammatory diseases of the colon]. / Akrivnost' sistemy prostanoidov pri vospalitel'nykh zabolevaniiakh tolstoi kishki.

Content of prostaglandins (PG) E2 and E2 alpha, prostacycline (PC) and tromboxane B2 (TxB2) in plasma of patient's blood with inflammatory diseases of large intestine was studied. In patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease content of PGE2 is increased by 72.1%, PC--is decreased by 57%, TxB2--is increased by 144.8%. Detected changes have pathogenetic significance, their severity correlated with severity of the disease course. Tendency to normalization of the prostanoid system state was noted after performance of complex treatment.

[The neuro-endocrinal system status in patients with severe inflammatory colonic diseases]. / Sostoianie neiroéndokrinnoi sistemy u patsientov s tiazhekymi vospalitel'nymi zabolevaniiami tolstoi kishki.

There were examined 27 patients with inflammatory diseases of colon. In cases of the nonspecific ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of colon the thyroid gland insufficiency occurs in variant of the thriiodinethyronine low contents syndrome, causing the necessity of the substitution therapy conduction in postoperative period.

[Features of surgical rehabilitation of patients with severe inflammatory diseases of the large intestine]. / Osobennosti khirurgicheskoi reabilitatsii patsientov s tiazhelymi vospalitel'nymi zabolevaniiami tolstoi kishki.

The results of treatment of 354 patients with inflammatory colonic diseases were summarized. Nonspecific ulcerative colitis was diagnosed in 236, Crohn's disease--in 118 of them. There were operated on 83 (23.4%) of patients, including according to absolute indications--16 and the relative indications--67. There were elaborated and introduced an original methods of the operative interventions performance and of the postoperative guidance period. Mortality was 3.9%. Reconstructive-restoring operations were done in 24 patients, good and fair result was achieved in 16 (66.7%) of them. The poor results causes were analysed, indications and contraindications were substantiated as well as the terms of the reconstructive-restoring operations performance.

[Hyperplastic changes and aldosterone content in the adrenal cortex in essential hypertension and primary aldosteronism]. / [Giperplasticheskie izmeneniia i soderzhanie al'dosterona v kore nadpochechnikov pri éssentsial'noi gipertonii i pervichnom al'dosteronizme.

Autopsy and operative material (adrenalectomy for hyperaldosteronism) was studied to elucidate morphology, incidence of nodules, aldosterone content in the adrenal of patients with essential hypertension (EH). It was established than nodular masses in the adrenals in the form of micro and macronodules are present in 80% of EH patients. Aldosterone content in the adrenals in both nodules and in the adjacent cortex is significantly higher than in the adrenals of patients without EH. This fact as well as increased cell nuclei size in the fascicular and glomerular zones indicate high secretory activity of the adrenals in EH. Clinicomorphological comparisons in patients after adrenalectomy because of hyperaldosteronism syndrome allow to conclude that grave forms of EH may be followed by aldosteronism syndromes with nodular hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex being the basis of the syndrome. Indications to adrenalectomy require clear criteria of differential diagnosis with primary aldosteronism.

[Asymptomatic myocardial ischemia in the dynamics of anaprilin and korinfar treatment]. / Bessimptomnaia ishemiia miokarda v dinamike lecheniia anaprilinom i korinfarom.

Overall thirty-eight patients with exertional angina who had episodes of asymptomatic change of position of T-segment were examined. The above patients were divided into two groups: group I was placed on anaprilin treatment (80-120 mg daily), group II received corinfar (60 mg daily). Episodes of asymptomatic ischemia of the myocardium (AIM) showed two peaks in their 24 h-span occurrence, with the greatest number of these being recordable in early morning hours (from six a.m. to noon), somewhat less--within the time span 12 o'clock-0.6 p.m. Anaprilin monotherapy is more effective than corinfar monotherapy in respect to reduction of AIM episodes occurrences. However, corinfar, unlike anaprilin, prevented the appearance of the evening peak of episodes of "silent" ischemia.

Prevalence of Lyme disease spirochetes in Ixodes persulcatus and wild rodents in far eastern Russia.

Borrelia spirochetes were isolated from the adult ixodid tick (Ixodes persulcatus) in three areas of far eastern Russia, namely, Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Borrelia infective rates of ticks in those areas were 24.5, 41.4, and 25.1%, respectively (total rate was 26.6%). Spirochetes were also isolated from the tissues of small mammals captured at Khabarovsk (infective rate was 20.8%). Samples were classified by rRNA gene restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The isolated spirochetes from ticks were classified mainly RFLP ribotype group IV (B. garinii), followed by groups II (B. garinii), III (B. afzelii), and V (B. garinii), showing that B. garinii is a dominant species among them. Both B. garinii and B. afzelii were also found in rodents, and multiple infections with those two species were observed in some rodents. B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (group I) was not isolated from either ticks or rodents.

[The effect of plasmapheresis and antianginal therapy on lipid metabolism, eicosanoids and the thrombocytic link of hemostasis in patients with ischemic heart disease]. / Vliianie plazmafereza i antianginal'noi terapii na lipidnyi obmen, éikozanoidy i trombotsitarnoe zveno gemostaza u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

A study of 126 patients with stenocardia receiving antianginal treatment was carried out with purpose of evaluating the effect of plasmapheresis on the clinical course of the disease, functional activity of thrombocytes, eicosanoids and lipid metabolism. It was shown that plasmapheresis improves the clinical condition of patients with ischemic heart disease, increases the tolerance to physical loads in patients with stenocardia. The mechanism of action of plasmapheresis is related to improvement of the lipid metabolism, system of eicosanoids, and thrombocytic link of hemostasis.

[Ultraviolet irradiation of the blood in the treatment of patients with stable stenocardia]. / Ul'trafioletovoe obluchenie krovi v lechenii bol'nykh stabil'noi stenokardiei.

The authors established essential efficacy of monotherapy using ultraviolet irradiation of the blood in stable stenocardia of functional class II. It was also established that this method increased tolerance to physical load, correction of the hemodynamics and microcirculation.